程名字:自考《00522英语国家概况》基础精讲课程讲义【笔记】
依据教材版本:
课程代码:00522
教材版本:2015版
主 编:余志远
出 版 社:外语教学与研究出版社
课程格式:pdf
课程目录:
前 言 5
Chapter 1 Land and People 7
Part I the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland 7
Chapter 1 Land and People 7
第一编 英国 8
第一章 国土与人民 8
Chapter 2 The Origins of a Nation 19
I. Early Settlers (5000 BC-55 BC) 19
II. Roman Britain (55 BC-410 AD) 21
III. The Anglo-Saxons (446-871) 23
IV.The Viking and Danish Invasions 25
V.The Norman Conquest (1066) 27
Chapter 3 The Shaping of the Nation(1066-1381) 30
本章重点: 30
本章难点考点: 31
An outline of this period: 31
Ⅰ.Norman Rule(1066-1154) 32
Ⅱ.The Great Charter and the Beginning of Parliament (《大宪章》和议会的开始) 38
Great Charter (《大宪章》) 38
Ⅲ.The Hundred Years'War with France (1337-1453) 41
IV. The Black Death (1347-1350) and the Peasant Uprising (1381) 43
Chapter 4 Transition to the Modern Age (1455-1688) 45
Ⅰ.Transition 45
Ⅱ.Reformation 48
Ⅲ.Elizabeth I (1558-1603)(伊丽莎白一世) 52
IV.The English Renaissance (文艺复兴) 55
V.James Ⅰ(1603-1625)and Parliament 59
Ⅵ.Charles I(1625-1649)and Parliament 62
Ⅶ.Civil Wars(1642-1651) 66
Ⅷ.The Commonwealth(共和国)(1649-1660) 69
Ⅸ.The Restoration(王朝复辟)and the Glorious Revolution(光荣革命)of 1688 70
Chapter 5 The Rise and Fall of the British Empire(1688-Present) 73
I. The Industrial Revolution 73
Ⅱ. The Chartist Movement(1836-1848) 81
Ⅲ. Trade Unions and the Labor Party (工会和工党) 81
Ⅳ. Colonial Expansion(殖民扩张) 82
V.Britain in the 20th Century 90
VI.Britain in the 21st Century(21世纪的英国) 98
Chapter 6 Economy 104
Introduction 104
Ⅰ.Development of the British Economy Since WW Ⅱ 104
Ⅱ.The British Economy by Sectors 108
Ⅲ.Labor and Taxation 113
Ⅳ.Poverty(贫穷问题) 114
Chapter 7 Government and Politics 115
Introduction 115
I.Constitutional Framework(宪法框架) 115
II.Parliament 116
III.Regional Government 120
IV.Local Government 121
V.Justice(司法) 123
VI.Political Process 124
VII.Security(安全) 125
Ⅰ.Health and Welfare 126
Ⅱ. Housing(住房) 129
III. Education 129
Ⅳ.Cultural Life 132
Ⅴ.Daily Life and Social Customs 134
Ⅵ. Arts 134
Ⅶ. Cultural Institutions(文化机构) 135
Ⅷ. Sports and Recreation 136
Ⅸ. Media and Publishing 137
Chapter 9 Land 139
PART TWO The United States of America(美利坚合众国) 139
Chapter 9 Land (国土) 139
Ⅰ. Location and Size 140
Ⅱ. Land 141
Ⅲ. Climate 145
Ⅳ. Geographical Regions (地理区域) 148
Chapter 10 Population 161
I. The American Population 161
II. Immigration(移民) 165
III. Population Movement(人口流动) 169
Chapter 11 History(I)(1492-1900) 185
I.Discovery of the New World(发现新大陆) 186
Ⅱ.The Colonial Period 188
Ⅲ.The American War of Independence (I775-1783)(美国独立战争) 191
IV. Government Under the Confederation 邦联下的政府 197
V. The War of 1812 (1812年战争) 200
VI Territorial Expansion and Westward Movement (开拓边疆和西进运动) 202
VII. The American Civil War (1861-1865) (四年美国内战) 204
VIII. Growth of the Nation 209
Ⅰ. Economic Development 214
Ⅱ. The Progressive Movement(进步运动) 216
Ⅲ. World War Ⅰ and the United States 220
Ⅳ. The United States in the 1920s 222
Ⅴ. The Great Depression and the New Deal(大萧条和新政) 225
Ⅵ. World War Ⅱ and the United States (二战和美国) 229
Chapter 13 History (Ⅲ)(1945-Present) 234
Ⅰ. Origins of the Cold War (冷战起源) 234
Ⅱ. Truman Administration and the Cold War 235
Ⅲ. US Support of Chiang Kai-shek and the Korean War(支持蒋介石和朝鲜战争) 238
Ⅳ. McCarthyism (麦卡锡主义) 240
Ⅴ. The Civil Rights Movement(民权运动) 243
Ⅵ. The Cuban Missile Crisis(古巴导弹危机) 247
Chapter 13 History (Ⅲ)(1945-Present) 250
VII. The Vietnam War(越南战争) 250
VIII. United States' Relations with China (中美关系) 253
IX. Reagan Administration (1981-1989)(里根政府) 255
X. George H. W. Bush Administration (1989-1993) (老布什政府) 260
XI. (1992 to Present) (世界唯一超级大国) 261
Chapter 14 Economy 270
Ⅰ. Overview 271
Ⅱ. Features of the US Economy (美国经济特征) 276
Ⅲ. The US Economy by Sectors (美国经济部门) 279
Ⅳ. Unemployment 285
Ⅴ. Poverty 285
Chapter 15 Government 287
I. The US Constitution 288
II. Three Branches of Government (政府的三个分支机构) 292
III. State Government (州政府) 297
IV. Local Government (地方政府) 298
V. Political Parties(政党) 299
VI. Elections and Voting (选举和投票) 303
Chapter 16 Culture 307
Ⅰ.Language 308
Ⅱ. Religion (宗教) 310
Ⅲ.Education 313
Ⅳ. Literature, Theatre and Music 313
Ⅴ. Cinema 320
Ⅵ. Science and Technology 322
Ⅶ. Sports 323
Ⅷ. Holidays 328
Chapter 17 Canada (I) Land and People 333
Ⅰ.Land 334
II. Climate 341
III.Plants and Animals 342
IV.People 347
V.Culture 351
VI.Major Cities 356
Chapter 18 Canada(II)History, Government and Economy 359
Ⅰ.History 359
Ⅱ.Government 367
Ⅲ.Economy 372
Chapter 19 Australia(Ⅰ)Land and People 383
Ⅰ.Geography 383
Ⅱ.Climate 387
Ⅲ.Plants and Animals 391
Ⅳ.People 395
Ⅴ. Culture 399
Ⅵ. Major Cities 415
Chapter 20 Australia(II)History, Government and Economy 420
Ⅰ.History 420
II.Government 425
III.Economy 434
Chapter 21 New Zealand(Ⅰ)Land and People 448
Ⅰ. Geography 450
Ⅱ. Climate 457
Ⅲ. Plants and Animals 458
Ⅳ. Historical Background 463
V. Population 475
Ⅵ. Major Cities 478
Chapter 22 New Zealand(Ⅱ)Economy, Government and Culture 480
Chapter 23 The Republic of Ireland(Ⅰ)Land and People 500
Chapter 24 The Republic of Ireland(Ⅱ)History, Government and Economy 520
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